The attribute modifiers edit menu can be used to configure the attribute modifiers a custom item will get in-game. If the custom item currently has a single attribute modifier that adds 5 attack damage while it's in the main hand, it should look like this:

On the left are the 'Cancel', 'New Attribute' and 'Apply' button. Clicking on the 'Cancel' button will bring you back to the item edit menu you came from without keeping the changes you made in this menu. Clicking on the 'Apply' button will also bring you back to the item edit menu you came from, but will keep the changes you made here. Clicking on the 'New Attribute' will add a new row for an attribute modifier, just like the one shown in the screenshot above. It may contain different values, depending on what kind of custom item you are editing.

Additionally, there is a red cross, an attribute button ('generic.attackDamage' above), a slot button ('Mainhand' above), an operation button ('Add' above) and a text field for the attribute value ('5' above).